[翻译自footballmanager.net]演出开始了——足球与现实系列第一部分
作者：老外xxx消息来源：http://www.footballmanager.net/en/a5/0.htm
翻译：[email protected]
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这是footballmanager.net上面探讨现时足球与fm战术的帖子之一
老外用的是fm06demo的纽卡斯尔联队 转会资料的不完全造成luque和owen没有出现在球队阵中，但是对于整个战术体系来说这并不算是个大问题
- -+而且居然有1万3千多字，一贴贴不下……sigh
足球与现实第一部分
演出开始了……
咱们这些足球经理们都知道管理好一支球队实在是件苦差事。要是输了球你会被球迷骂个不得翻身，可通过机械的变换战术来获得比赛结果也会让你被骂作战术枯燥。反正这可都不是些好事儿。
当今足球的流行趋势趋向于介于4-3-3/4-5-1之间的不太固定的阵型，在中场堆积大量球员然后依靠三前锋终结比赛。几乎每个人都使用这个阵型--我们时常可以看到甚至客队都死抱着4-5-1阵形不撒手。
也就是10个赛季之前，凯文基冈在纽卡斯尔推行了一种全新的“神风足球”的战术（狂攻战术），这中战术也使得纽卡斯尔在那个赛季几乎夺冠。不过当凯文基冈的球队在圣诞节后与联赛冠军的头衔渐行渐远时，这个战术才得到所谓“神风”的绰号。
那些个爱发牢骚的家伙就问了，当今的英超联赛还需要掺混进来类似的这些战术元素么。我们可以想想看像纽卡斯尔这样的队伍（以现在的战术）有什么办法才能对付加满了油的切尔西战车呢？随着FM2006 Beta Demo的推出，我们可以在fm.net上发布点办法……
1.任务
按照基冈的战术精神打半个赛季，来检测一下倾巢出动全员进攻的进攻哲学是不是比切尔西那种谨慎小心的战术体系要有效。我们选择执教纽卡斯尔联队，这样我们在转会市场上能够有些可用资金，不过资金额度并不会像斯坦福侨的某些大亨都给的预算那么“无限”。选择纽卡的另一个好处就是这个俱乐部仍然深受基冈在任时几年所获得的荣誉的影响。
2.球员
用手里这点零碎的资金很难打造出一支心目中的“神风”攻击队。为了增加转会预算我们决定把俱乐部里以防守为主业的球员卖掉一部分，仅仅留下Park守住中场（古怪的方式）、Bramble和Taylor（对不住了，Boumsoung）以及另外的两名替补充数。下面是全部转出球员的名单:
转出球员:
Celestine Babayaro, ￡1.2m
Craig Moore, ￡750k
Peter Ramage, ￡650k
Robbie Elliot, ￡550k
Jean-Alain Boumsong, ￡1.6m
Lee Bowyer, ￡1.5m
Nicky Butt, ￡375k
Jermaine Jenas, ￡3m
Charles N'Zogbia, ￡3m
Roy Tunks, free
买入球员的策略相当简单--我们只看球员的进攻能力，即使对边后卫也是这样。我们选择了更富攻击性的4-4-2菱形中场，然后希望用适合战术的球员来填补场上位置的空缺，反之亦然。
转入球员:
Salomon Kalou, Feyenoord - ￡1.5 (to play at the top of the diamond用来打菱形中场的前腰)
Rufete, Valencia - ￡4.9m (creative right winger极富想象力的右边锋)
Christian Wilhelmsson, Anderlecht - ￡2m (flamboyant attacking midfielder有激情的攻击型中场)
Eric Addo, PSV - ￡1.3m (ball-playing, back-up central defender候补中后卫)
Sanli Tuncay, Fenerbache - ￡6.5m (exciting left-winger超强的左边锋)
Stan Lazaridis, Birmingham - ￡1.3m (couldn't afford Carlos!买不起卡洛斯只能用他代替咯)
Tevenet, Numancia - ￡1m (tricky veteran striker机敏的大龄前锋- -+)
3.战术
进攻！进攻！进攻！首发队员和位置可以参见战术截图:
http://www.footballmanager.net/en/a5/real_thing_0a_large.jpg
球队战术设置成了全力进攻，球员们也被给予了更多的自由发挥的权利并且被要求在快节奏中完成比赛。为了让我们强大的边锋们发挥，多多利用球场宽度也是我们的要求之一；浪费时间选项调整到最小，也没有选择Shearer作为target man，因为选择了混合传球，在经过一系列传递之后球会落在中路的前锋和攻击型中场的脚下。
我们选择了4-4-2菱形中场并且要求边锋尽量前插。为了充分利用边后卫的传中和速度，我们也要求他们有机会就前插并且要与身前的边锋换位。
边锋被要求为频繁前插，经常带球和在边线往中路传中，有必要就和边后卫换位
埋伏在两名前锋身后的Kalou是这个阵形中最至关紧要的球员，他被定义为自由人并且要求经常塞球。
两名前锋的心态设置为正常。和球队战术一致，自由发挥程度设置为最高，这样有利于利用身边的一切进攻机会。
仅仅后腰被严格的要求待在自己的位置上，心态和发挥自由度都设置到正常，铲抢凶狠，不带球，给前面才华横溢的队友们扫平障碍。
4.结果
a）季前
赛季前的比赛，理论上说是为了Euro Vase杯作铺垫。可惜赛前的准备并不理想--因为转会没有完成，首发阵容的选择上有些残缺，而候补阵容则已经是精疲力竭了。马马虎虎拼凑起来的阵容在首轮两回合比赛中以总分1-2失利--这对我们的信心是个巨大的打击，不过并不能改变我们使用目前全攻战术的理念。主场与桑德兰战平、主场1-2负于马德里竞技都显示出球队的攻击战术只开花不结果。结果赛季前的准备完全充满了紧张和焦虑。
b）八月
确信基冈风格进攻阵形的我们在对曼城队开场44秒就丢球时，心里一点兴奋的劲头都没了。中场比分是2-2，比赛解说说上半场打得“棒极了”。最终的结果？典型的基冈式结果……3-4输给了曼城。
在主场战胜了桑德兰并且客场战平西汉姆之后，在客场纽卡不得不接受了败给埃佛顿的结果，这也使我们制造了结果最全面的联赛开局。开个玩笑，八月其实不错--前四场比赛一共打进了20个球。
c）九月
随着Kieron Dyer替代受伤的Kalou充当前腰，结果九月的比赛以我们的全攻战术4场全胜创造了个偶然的纪录。没准应了一句话：“出来用攻击阵形的，迟早要还的……”看起来Salomon Kalou这个只有十几岁的半大孩子还不是很适应菱形中场当中前腰的位置
d）十月
在十月里，尽管球队主场3-0大胜维甘竞技队并在联赛杯2-0战胜利物浦（主场1-1打平晋级）让球队恢复了元气，但我们仍然经历了可以预见但并不丢人的斯坦福侨0-1告负。这些结果让我们这支联赛最具攻击力的球队攀上了积分榜的第三位，队伍的士气也十分高涨。在这个阶段，基冈精神又复活了，并且在更衣室里激励着队员们。这一切来得并不晚……
e）十一月
几名核心球员都受伤了--尤其是作为攻击性中场的Kieron Dyer以及目前为止的联赛最佳球员，我们的边锋Sanli Tuncay。在耻辱性的客场0-3负于查尔顿之后我们迎来了客场与布莱克本的平手。在主场却是完全不同的结果，3-1胜米德尔斯堡，并且在联赛杯中3-0战胜Southend是两场激动人心的胜利，尽管这两场比赛与前两场一样都受到了球员伤病的影响。
f）十二月
终于到了十二月。五场比赛两战三负。两场胜利都在主场获得--其中包括一场2-0战胜阿森纳。然而三场失利都是在客场。看起来从这个结果当中我们可以总结出不少来……
5.结论
http://www.footballmanager.net/en/a5/real_thing_0b_large.jpg
a）主场优势
比赛结果就可以证明--球队在9场主场作战中赢得了七场胜利，但在8场作客的比赛中仅仅一胜，这使得基冈战术的纽卡斯尔在主场战绩上独占鳌头而在客场战绩榜上我们只能呆在末尾。
当然这个结果所说明的还不仅仅是主场的优势。它也说明在进攻号角的指引下这个在主场能让对手几乎毫无还手之力、自己打得大开大合的阵形会使最强的对手也更多的转为防守。这种源于自信的足球哲学很大程度上漠视了竞争对手们在积分榜上的接近，明显的截然相反的主场与客场成绩也暴露出了这个问题的严重性。
客场比赛中，如果对手打算和我们打对攻的话，那将是一场精彩的对决，不过这经常只是天真的、总想着向前看的纽卡斯尔队伍一厢情愿的想法罢了。这些比赛结果会使很多对立的以及中立的球迷感到高兴，不过我们还是得为在主场看到一支神经刀似的纽卡斯尔而在客场却往往要面对失利的球迷们的感情考虑。
b）后卫不设防
好了，结束这个不成功的玩笑吧，从战术角度上来看进攻方是不该那么狡猾的。看一眼战术屏幕你就会发现，像Parker这么优秀的球员，在保护他身后的防线方面做简直惨不忍睹，大多数比赛中总会被边后卫挤压到中后卫位置上。
中后卫经常有上佳的发挥，不过因为球队总是一味的要求队员压上，尤其身前没有顶级球员为他们减轻压力，总使得纽卡斯尔的后防被对方球员淹没- -+要不是我们的目的是做战术试验，在客场时为了防守更可靠，我们可能会很快提出让我们的天才球员们改打4-4-2前锋前后站位的阵形。
c）结论
总而言之，基冈的战术思想依然是有前途的足球哲学，并且让我们的纽卡斯尔队在关键位置上的弱点得以改变--特别是边后卫（对于这个战术至关紧要的环节）和Shearer身旁的进攻搭档，这种风格还是有着很多的长处球队打了一些激动人心的比赛，赢得了一些极好的结果，并且在圣诞节降临的时候俱乐部上下都被乐观的氛围所笼罩；也许，现在该是我们这些足球经理对于现实生活中提倡进攻的要求应该加以注意时刻了。全力进攻的战术（当然在客队你还要有你的“b计划”）可以把你最好的竞争对手打得措手不及。那句话说什么来的？“演出开始了……”
[ 本帖最后由 绝代单骄 于 2005-11-21 11:26 PM 编辑 ] 英文原文如下:
As we Football Managers know all too well taking charge of a team is a tough job. Lose games and you get it in the neck from the fans, but change your tactics to grind out results and you're accused of being boring. It's a no win situation.
The flavour of the month in global football seems to be this fluid 4-3-3/ 4-5-1 formation that enables a team to pack out the midfield and break with three forwards. Everyone is using it - sticking to the 4-5-1 for away games, more often than not.
Only ten seasons ago, though, Kevin Keegan was preaching a version of kamikaze football that very nearly Newcastle the English title, but for the fact it lived up to the kamikaze moniker when KK's side threw away a league-winning lead after Christmas.
Even hardened cynics would argue that the modern game could do with an injection of just such an approach to mix things up in the Premiership. But how would such a side fare against a well-oiled Chelsea machine? At fm.net we've turned to the Beta Demo of FM2006 to find out...
1. The Mission
Play half a season in the Keegan spirit to test an all-out attacking philosophy against the cagey tacticians of England's top flight. We've chosen to manage Newcastle United to give us some sway in the transfer market, but not the limitless funds that would enable us to rival the Stamford Bridge Globetrotters. Another advantage of choosing Newcastle is that the club is still haunted by the ghosts of the Keegan glory years.
2. The Players
It's tough to assemble an entire kamikaze squad on a shoestring. To raise funds we've decided to boot out the club's defensively minded players, with the exception of Parker to hold in midfield (a la Batty) and Bramble and Taylor at the back (sorry Boumsoung) as well as a couple of other bodies to make up the numbers. Here's the full list of casualties:
Players Out...
Celestine Babayaro, ￡1.2m
Craig Moore, ￡750k
Peter Ramage, ￡650k
Robbie Elliot, ￡550k
Jean-Alain Boumsong, ￡1.6m
Lee Bowyer, ￡1.5m
Nicky Butt, ￡375k
Jermaine Jenas, ￡3m
Charles N'Zogbia, ￡3m
Roy Tunks, free
The buying policy is one based solely on a players attacking ability - even down to the full-backs. We've opted for an even more attacking variant of a 4-4-2 diamond formation and looked to fill the positions with players to suit the roles laid out in the tactics, and not vice versa.
Players In...
Salomon Kalou, Feyenoord - ￡1.5 (to play at the top of the diamond)
Rufete, Valencia - ￡4.9m (creative right winger)
Christian Wilhelmsson, Anderlecht - ￡2m (flamboyant attacking midfielder)
Eric Addo, PSV - ￡1.3m (ball-playing, back-up central defender)
Sanli Tuncay, Fenerbache - ￡6.5m (exciting left-winger)
Stan Lazaridis, Birmingham - ￡1.3m (couldn't afford Carlos!)
Tevenet, Numancia - ￡1m (tricky veteran striker)
3. The Tactics
Attack! Attack! Attack! See the formation screen for a breakdown of the first team line-up and positions.
Team instructions were set to all-out attack, with players given 'much' creative freedom and asked to play at a really quick tempo. We also invited wide play to make use of the marauding wing players.
Time-wasting was reduced to a minimum and we opted not to use Shearer as a target man in favour of promoting mixed passing that would result in balls pinging into the middle for the strikers and attacking midfield player.
We took the attacking 4-4-2 diamond and invited the wingers to run further forward. To make full use of pacey full-backs with decent crossing ability we asked them to make forward-runs as often as possible and to overlap with the wingers in front of them.
The wingers were asked to make forward runs often, run with the ball and cross frequently from the by-line into the centre and to continue the overlap with the full back when necessary.
The crucial role of the man behind the front two was treated as a bit of a 'libero' with Kalou asked to try through-balls often and given a free role.
The strikers were left with neutral instructions and, like the team, total creative freedom, to exploit the attacking play around them.
Only the defensive midfielder was given strict instructions to stay in position, with mentality and creative freedom set to 'normal' and strict instructions to tackle hard and rarely run with the ball, in order to bring the flair players into the game.
4. The Results
a) Pre-season
Pre-season match practice was, in theory, taken care of with the Euro Vase. Sadly, preparation for the opening game was not ideal - team selection proved a touch problematic as the transfer wheeling and dealing outlined in section 2 was still very much being played out.
A makeshift side lost 1-2 over two legs in the first round - a blow to our ambitions, but not enough to sway us from the kamikaze task at hand. A home friendly draw against Sunderland didn't help matters either. A 1 - 2 home defeat against Atletico Madrid, without any sign of the team's attacking style bearing real fruit, meant preparations for the season ended with a worrying, excitement-free whimper.
b) August
Any concerns that the Keegan-style attacking line-up and formation were going to fail to produce excitement were dispelled within 44 seconds of the season opener against Man City. The sides went in 2-2 at half-time in a game described in the commentary as "tremendous so far". The final result? Typical Keegan... 3-4 to Manchester City!
Defeat away to Everton was followed by a home win against Sunderland and an away draw against West Ham to complete a mixed opening to the season in terms of results. For entertainment, August couldn't be faulted however - the first four games producing 20 goals in total.
c) September
With Kieron Dyer brought into the side for the injured Kalou, September saw our band of Kamikaze Casuals record a 100% four game record in September. Proof, perhaps, that the attacking formation and instructions were paying off, but that teenage Salomon Kalou was not quite ready for the pivotal role at the top of the diamond.
?
d) October
A predictable, but far from embarrassing, 1-0 away defeat to Chelsea kicked off October, though faith in the formation was restored with resounding home wins against Wigan (3-0) and Liverpool in the League Cup (2-0) were rounded off with a home draw (1-1), also against Liverpool.
These results left the divisions most attack-minded team in third place and the squad in superb fettle. Clearly, at this stage, it looked like the Keegan spirit was alive and kicking in the Newcastle dressing room. It wasn't to last...
e) November
With several key players injured - most notable stand-in attacking midfielder Kieron Dyer and player of the season so far, winger Sanli Tuncay, an away draw against Blackburn was followed by a humbling away reverse against Charlton (3-0). At home it was a different story, with two more cracking victories - this time against Middlesbrough (3-1) and Southend in the League Cup (3-0). This despite the same injury problems suffered in the previous two games.
f) December
And finally to December. Five games - two wins and three defeats. Both wins came at home - one notably against Arsenal (2-0) and all three defeats were away. There's an obvious lesson to learn there...
5. The Verdict
a) Home advantage
The results speak for themselves - the side won seven out of nine home games and only one out of eight away, leaving the Keegan-esque Newcastle top of the home league and bottom of the away standings.
Obviously it's not just a case of home advantage telling here. It seems that taking the bull by the horns at home with this irresistible attacking play opens up teams that have come to defend - even the top sides.
The problem with a football philosophy based on self-belief that largely disregards the approach of rivals is plainly exposed in the contrasting home and away fortunes. In away games, where sides decided to come out for a fight, matches were exciting, but a naively forward-thinking Newcastle team simply got caught out too often. These games would have pleased opposition and neutral fans, but we had to feel for the Newcastle fans who had to watch their schiozophrenic side flowing at home and failing away.
b) Unprotected defence
Breaking down the failures of this entertaining, attacking side from a tactical point of view is not that tricky. A glance at the chalkboard screen will show you that Parker, as good as he is, has a hell of a job to shield a back four that, for much of the games, was being reduced to a back two by marauding full-backs.
Often the central defenders were putting in great performances, but against teams prepared to throw bodies forward, especially without top players to ease the pressure in front of them, the Newcastle defence was being swamped. If we weren't conducting an experiment here, we'd have quickly come up with a more straight-forward 4-4-2 to incorporate our flair players, but give more solidity, away from home.
c) Conclusion
Overall, the Keegan mentality is still a philosophy with promise and, given our Newcastle side's weakness in key positions - notably at full-back (crucial to this formation) and in a strike partner for Shearer, there was much to admire in this style.
The side played out some exciting matches, pulled off some superb results and optimism throughout the club was running high by the time Christmas rolled around.
Perhaps it really is time us managers heeded the real-life calls for attacking play. It seems an all-out attacking side (with a 'plan b' for away games!) could hammer the best of opposing sides and herald a Return Of The Entertainers...
[ 本帖最后由 绝代单骄 于 2005-11-6 09:06 PM 编辑 ] 顶 好啊.建议楼主以后不用把英文也放在上面.头看得有点晕.呵呵.... 原帖由 思考兔 于 2005-10-27 07:56 PM 发表
好啊.建议楼主以后不用把英文也放在上面.头看得有点晕.呵呵....
呵呵 不是说提倡看帖子学外语么= =+ 可以突出颜色显示中文，淡化颜色显示原文 好文 顶楼主 辛苦了
不过看了一下
这篇文章写得实在不怎么样……
我是说原文而不是译文…… 顶 楼主辛苦了！！！
恕我直言，大意基本上无问题，但是如果有朋友想学英语的话，译文有些地方是值得商榷。
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