新词:Fan the flames
Fan the flames■管征峰
关于安乐死(Mercy killing, Euthanasia)的一个争论问题是：生命是否应当不惜一切代价地延续？最近美国植物人特丽·夏沃的个案，便对这个问题Fan the flames 。
Fan作名词时意为“扇子”，作动词时指“用扇子扇”；Flame是“火焰”。因此，Fan the flames 便跟“扇”、“火”有关，不难让大家想到“煽风点火”，也确定如此，它的意思是make a situation more intense or extreme in some way, 一般译为“煽风点火”、“火上加油”、“煸动情绪”、“使局势更紧张”。例如，A provocative article in a local newspaper only served to fan the flames of rebellion.(地方报纸的一篇挑衅性文章只会对叛乱起煽风点火的作用)。Terri Schiavo's case fanned the flames of the debate over whether life should be prolonged at all costs (特丽·夏沃的案件，使生命是否应当不惜一切代价地延续的争论更趋白热化)。
Pope
新闻中所说的“教皇”英文是Pope，这个字的原意是“爸爸”、“父亲”，源自希腊文与拉丁文的Papa。公元五世纪前，天主教会(Catholic Church)都用Papa泛指任何“主教”，公元五世纪后，教皇圣良一世(St. Leo I (The Great))把这个字限于指称罗马(Rome)主教，而罗马主便是教皇，因此，从那时起，Papa、Pope便专指“教皇”。
请注意，全部字母小写的pope，在俄罗斯东正教会(Russian Orthodox Church)则泛指任何教区神父(Parish priest)，即相当于罗马天主教会(Roman Catholic Church )泛指神父为Father。同样是Pope／pope，在两个教会的区别是很大的。
“教皇”的另一个说法是Pontiff，这是较正式的说法，而Pope则是较一般的说法。
Colors in English-ChineseTranslation
(颜色词在英汉对译中的错位)
词义都具有概括性，颜色词也不例外。汉语中“红”就包含了无数种有细微差别的颜色。“大红、粉红、橘红、品红、肉红、水红、桃红、腥红、血红、嫣红”等几十种颜色都属于红的范围。不同语言间的颜色词有各自不同的颜色意义，因此在英汉对译中有时就不一定有完全对应的等值词。如black tea(红茶，汉语不叫“黑茶”)，可是红糖却是brown sugar(而不是red sugar，化学上叫“黄糖”)，brown bread(黑面包)，black cloth(青布，不一定是“黑布”)，purple wine(红葡萄酒，不是“紫色酒”，blue films(黄色电影不是蓝色电影)，green-eyed(眼红，不是眼发绿)，而with red eyes则指眼睛哭得发红。
有时颜色词除去该颜色的含义之外，它与不同的词搭配便有不同的含义，而且有许多意思与该颜色词毫无关系，在翻译时更应特别注意。如汉语中“黄色”可引申出“嫩、小”等意思，因此就有了“黄花闺女”、“黄毛丫头”等等，而在英语中，指没有经验、知识浅薄时则用“green”来比喻。因此就有了a green hand(生手，易上当受骗的人)，green goods(新鲜货)，a green man(新来水手)，a green old age(老当益壮)等等。汉语里“白手”是“一无所有”，而英语的white hand则有“pure”(纯洁)、或“unstained”(清白)之意。要说“白手起家”，只能用start from scratch或build up from nothing表示。而He has white hands绝不是说“他的手白”，而是指“他是清白无辜的”。
象这样的表达还有
英译汉：
blue monday 倒霉的星期一 white rage 震怒
white lie 不怀恶意的谎言 white night 不眠之夜
yellow journalism 耸人听闻的报道 yellow dog 忘恩负义之徒
red flag 让人生气的东西 black dog 忧郁、不开心的人
black letter day 倒霉的一天 black smith 铁匠
black sheep 害群之马，败家子 black leg 骗子
源自寓言名著的英文典故
1.a dog in the manger占着茅坑不拉屎的人出自《伊索寓言》(Aesop's Fables)，有一篇狗站马槽的故事，说的是一头狗躺在堆满稻草的马槽里，狗是不吃草的动物，而当马或牛一走进稻草时，这头狗却朝着马，牛狂哮，不准食草动物享用。
因此，“狗站马槽”就成了一个家喻户晓的成语而进入英语中，常用来比喻a person who prevents others from enjoying sth that is useless to himself; a churlish fellow who will neither use a thing himself nor let others use it，讽刺那些占据说职位或某些物质却不做事的人。
a dog in the manger是个名词性短语，常与系动词连用，充当表语(主语补足语)
eg:He borrowed a lot of books from the library,but he didn't read a book.He was really a dog in the manger.
There are some officials who are only the dogs in the manger.
Smith was a dog in the manger over that roll of wire;it was no use whatever to him,but he wouldn't let us have it.
2.bell the cat自告奋勇去冒险；老虎头上拍苍蝇
bell the cat系成语to hang the bell about the cat's neck的简略，愿意是“给猫的脖子上挂铃”。它来自《伊索寓言》(Aesop's Fables)中的《老鼠会议》(The Mice in Council)
这篇寓言讲的是：一群老鼠在鼠洞里举行会议，讨论如何对付凶狠的猫。白胡须老鼠提出：“我有个方法，在猫的脖子上挂一个铃。这样，猫一走动铃就响，我们就可以闻铃声而逃避了”，群鼠一致同意这个建议，欢呼：“That's a capital idea.We will bell the cat!No more fear of the cat!”但是，谁去给猫挂铃铛呢？没有一只老鼠敢去，一个个都溜掉了。老鼠会议豪无结果，它们不安全的境况当然也无法改善。
寓言所寄托的意思很明白：遇到困难的问题时候，既需要有出谋献策的人，更需要有挺身而出的实干家。
bell the cat常用来比喻to do sth dangerous in order to save others;to step forwar bravely to face the danger;to take a risk for the good of others.
eg:Everybody made suggestion,but no one actually offered to bell the cat.
We didn't know who would put him this delicate question when my friend offered to bell the cat.
3.cry wolf虚发警报；慌报险情；危言耸听
cry wolf来自《伊索寓言》：《牧童和狼》 (The Shepherdboy and the wolf)
有个牧童在离村子不远的山坡上放羊，有一次，他为了开心作乐，突然大喊：“Help!Help!The wolf!”全村的人都闻声跑来援助他时，才知道这只是开玩笑。如此恶作剧搞了两三次。后来，狼真的来了，那个牧童再呼号求救时，谁也不理会他了。于是，狼把他的羊吃了。
这篇寓言的意义很清楚：爱说谎话的人，即或在他说真话时，也没人相信他。由此，人们用to cry wolf 来概括这篇寓言的基本情节及其教诫意义，用以比喻to give false alarms;to warn of danger where there is none之意。按其比喻意义，这个成语相当与汉语中出自《东周列国志》的典故：烽火戏诸侯。周幽王为博得宠妃褒泥一笑，竟然把军国大事当儿戏，烽火报警戏诸侯，使各路诸侯仓促发兵，驰援京师，结果收到嘲笑。后来犬戎进犯，幽王再举烽火调兵，谁也不来了，结果周幽王遭到杀身亡国之祸。这2个典故的情节虽不同，寓意却完全不一致，都是表示“一朝说假话，一世无人信”
eg:Nobody will believe he is in trouble because he has cried wolf so many times.
Is she really sick of is she just crying wolf?
The newspaper placards that had cried "wolf" so often,cried "wolf" now in vain.
Poetry 诗意
And it was at that age就在那时
Poetry arrived in search of me
诗意觅我而来
I don’t know, I don’t know
我不清楚，我不明白
Where it comes from
它从何方寻来
From winter or a river
或是寒冬，或是河流？
I don’t know how or when
我不知道它是如何，又是何时到来
No, they weren’t voices
不，那不是声音
They were not words or silence
不是文字，更非寂静
But from a street I was summoned from the branches of night
那是街头长夜不时的召唤
Abruptly from the others
突然间，它来了
Among violent fires or returning alone
在狂野炫目的烟火中，在寂寞归家的路上
There I was without a face and it touched me
我好似迷茫而恍惚，迷离中被它攫住，
I didn’t know what to say
无以名状
My mouth had no way with names
难以言述
My eyes were blind and something started in my soul
视线模糊，灵魂开始了异动
Fever of forgotten wings
灼热与被遗忘的羽翼
And I made my own way deciphering that fire
我试图诠释那一团火簇
Pure nonsense, pure wisdom of someone who knows nothing
于是我写下第一行苍白的诗句，苍白得缥缈，这只是胡言乱语，无知者的思想
And suddenly I saw the heavens unfastened
忽然间我看见天堂打开了门锁
And open planets palpitated plantations
星儿迸出，在林宇间舞动
Shadow perforated riddled with arrows, fire and flowers
姿影婆娑，如箭，如火，如花
The winging night, the universe
起风的夜晚，苍穹浩淼
And I infinitesimal being drunk with the great starry void
渺小的我沉醉在这星光璀璨的长空
Lightness image of mystery felt myself a pure part of the abyss
轻盈神秘的影响中，我如沧海一粟
I wheeled with the stars
随着星儿一道旋转飘忽
My heart broke loose on the wind
心儿与风自由放逐
巧妙职场面试问答
Question: Why are you wanting to leave your current job?Answer: There is no room for the kind of career growth and advancement I would like.
问：你为什么要离开目前这份工作？
答：那里缺乏一个让我在事业上成长和晋升的空间。
Q:What kind of opportunities are you looking for?
A:I am looking for a company who recognizes and rewards hard work.
问：你所寻找的是什么样的机会？
答：我希望找到能认同并酬劳辛勤工作的公司。
Q:what is your biggest accomplishment on the job?
A:I think it would have to be building team spirit among my co-workers.
问：你在工作上取得的最大成就是什么？
答：我认为是我在同事之间建立起了团队精神。
Q:How did you do that?
A:It was a gradual process,involving many factors.
问：你是怎么做到的呢？
答：那时一个渐进过程，牵涉到很多因素。
Q:Why do you want to be a part of our organization?
A:I think it will be a mutually beneficial relationship.
问：你为什么想加入我们公司？
答：我的加入对双方都有利。
Q:How so?
A:I think this company and I have a lot to offer each other.
问：怎么说？
答：我认为贵公司与我都有许多东西可以彼此提供。
Q:Why should we hire you?
A:Because I am a hard worker and will perform to the best of my abi1ity.
问：我们为什么应该雇佣你呢？
答：因为我工作刻苦，而且会竭力得去做。
Q:Do you know what's involved in a job like this?
k Yes,I know what's involved.
问:你知道这样的工作需要付出什么样的心力吗？
答：是的，我知道要付出什么。
My birthday 生日
http://edu.tom.com/img/assets/200505/mei053002.jpgMy heart is like a singing bird
Whose nest is in a watered shoot;
My heart is like an apple tree
Whose boughs are bent with thickset fruit;
My heart is like a rainbow shell
That paddles in a halcyon sea;
My heart is gladder than all these
Because my love is coming to me.
我的心像只鸣啼的小鸟
在柔润的技条上筑着巢;
我的心像棵苹果树
被累累的硕果压弯了腰;
我的心像个虹彩的贝壳
在平静的海上轻轻荡漾;
我的心比这些还更欢畅
因为我的爱情已经来到。
http://edu.tom.com/img/assets/200505/050530152827mei053003.jpg
Raise me a dais of silk and down;
Hang it with vair and purple dyes;
Carve it with doves and pomegranates
And peacocks with a hundred eyes;
Work it in gold and silver grapes,
In leaves and silver fleurs-de-lys;
Because the birthday of my life is coming,
My love is coming to me.
为我造一座丝绒的讲坛
用金色和紫色颜料涂染;
在上面雕刻鸽子和石榴
还有孔雀长着一百只眼;
再用金银葡萄把它妆扮
树叶和鹫尾草银光闪闪;
因为我的生日已经来临，
因为我的爱情已经来到。
my love，我们不能在一起，你难过吗？
http://edu.tom.com/img/assets/200411/justin.jpg还清楚地记得
你离开我的那天
天，是灰色的
后来，下了雨
淅淅沥沥的
和我的泪混在一起
分不清彼此……
一个是有俊俏的面庞、一头金色的卷曲头发和一双散发灵气的眼睛的帅哥；一个是宛如邻家妹妹的小甜甜。歌坛的金童玉女，本来的天作之合，怎奈造物弄人。曾经的山盟海誓，曾经的婚约，已成过眼烟云。如今，Justin对Britney唱着Cry me a river；Britney对Justin回唱Toxic，她报复性的婚姻从一开始就注定是短命的。听着这伤感的歌，我们不禁要问，爱情的保质期究竟有多长，而一个人，究竟要伤害多少人、被多少人伤害，才能找到他／她的true love？
“愿天下有情人终成眷属”，原来只是一种美好的愿望。如果天下有情人都能终成眷属，也就不存在“愿”了。而爱情，其实是件很简单的事情，只是我们喜欢，或者习惯把它复杂化。
下载：http://www.es123.com/voiceread/es2003/0701.mp3
Cry Me A River from Justin Timberlak
You were my sun
You were my earth
But you didn't know all the ways I loved you, no
So you 【1】
And made other plans
But I bet you didn't think your thing would come 【2】, no
(*)You don't have to say, what you did,
I already know, I 【3】 from him
Now there's just no chance, for you and me, there'll never be
And don't it make you sad about it
You told me you loved me
Why did you leave me, 【4】
Now you tell me you need me
When you call me, on the phone
Girl I refuse, you must have me confused
With some other guy
【5】
To cry, cry me a river
Cry me a river-er
Cry me a river
Cry me a river-er, yea yea (* end)
I know that they say
That somethings are better left unsaid
It wasn't like you only talked to him and you know it
(Don't act like you don't know it)
All of these things people told me
Keep 【6】
(repeat 【6】)
You should've picked honesty
Then you may not have blown it
(Yea..)
repeat (*～*end)
Oh
The damage is done
So I guess I be leaving
repeat (*～*end)
练习：
1）将歌词填写完整（英语水平较薄弱者只用填写前四个空）；
2）思考：歌名Cry Me A River，如何翻译才够贴切呢？
【1】took a chance；【2】crashing down；【3】found out；【4】all alone；【5】Your bridges were burned, and now it's your turn；【6】messing with my head； 和FM有关么
无关
原帖由 xioye 于 2005-12-11 09:41 PM 发表和FM有关么
和英文版的FM有关的。
你们不是要翻译吗？
这不就是英文吗？
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